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Wednesday,Apr 4 2007, 10:34:02 AM帕累托最优(摘自《科学与生活》)

从整体上看婚姻,资源最佳的配置模式应该是社会中每个适龄男女都达到帕累托最优。所谓帕累托最优,就是指这样一种状态:在不使其他人境况变糟的情况下,而不可能再使另一部分人的处境变好。如果一种变革能够使在没有任何人处境变坏的情况下,至少有一个人处境变得更好,我们就把这个变化称为帕累托改进。一般地说,如果一个社会的现状不是处在帕累托最优状态,就存在着帕累托改进的可能。相应地,如果没有任何帕累托改进的余地,就意味着现状已经达到了帕累托最优的状态。

做一个简单的模型:假设某男婚前的生活质量用X表示,某女婚前的生活质量用Y表示,婚后一起生活,婚姻带来的共同所得为一个常量m,他们共同拥有双方的资源,婚后的每人所得分别是(X+Y+m/2

A.              如果是一对门不当户不对的人,就是说,XY相差很大。假设X=3Y=9,则婚后各人所得为(3+9+m/2

m<6时,婚后各人所得小于9。此时Y的状况变糟了,她对婚姻是不满意的;当m=6时,婚后各人所得等于9X得到帕累托改进,Y不变,此时,Y对婚姻不是很积极;当m>6时,婚后各人所得大于9。此时XY都得到帕累托改进,皆大欢喜。

所以,两人的婚后所得至少要达到6,才能维持稳定的婚姻。

B.               如果是一对门当户对的人,假设X=Y,那么,只要m>0,两者都能得到帕累托改进。。

在这个模型中,m是最有意思的一个常量,它的大小取决于负向搭配的成功与否。本来一加一只能等于二,但有了这个m,人类才前仆后继、心甘情愿地跳入婚姻的围城。

    不难看出,门当户对的人更易从婚姻中获得满足。如是,则曾经被我们看来过时与老套的“门当户对”的观念,自有其存在的合理性。今天的人们,虽然摆脱了种种旧习俗的束缚,却一而再地止步于热恋之后的婚姻门前,想来也正好印证了现象背后成本与收益的影响关系吧。

说明:

负向搭配是指:与相反类型的人结婚。

正向搭配是制:与相同类型的人结婚。

这两种搭配方式不是截然分开的:若完全是负向搭配,那婚姻就失去了它的存在基础;若完全是正向搭配,也不是一个好的选择----他不是一个稳定的结构。因此,该正向搭配的,就得正向搭配,该负向搭配的就得负向搭配。基本来说,性情、分工上负向搭配比较好;在经济势力、社会关系和价值观上,最好是正向搭配。

Wednesday,Apr 4 2007, 10:31:03 AM《塔木德》中的一个案例

《塔木德》有这样一段案例:

  教士问:“有两个犹太人从高大的烟囱里掉下去,一个满身脏,一个很干净,谁会去洗身子呢?”

  年青人说:“当然是满身脏的人!” ...

Read More...

Guestbook

3/6/2008 5:16 AMhello

jakkas10
cenk 29, Turkey
Rose Glitter Graphics
Rose Glitter Graphics
Rose Glitter Graphics
Rose Glitter Graphics
HELLO
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6/21/2007 4:02 AMhi

Oriki
BanK陈培 23, Bangkok, Thailand

6/1/2007 8:01 AMhi :))

mercanboys
MERCAN5BAGLA 25, Turkey
thank you.nice to meet you friends.
me wrong understand want beatifull girl.
we can make friends very good with you.
any you give the msn address I am pleased.
my mercan5baglari@hotmail.com
itself good look at see :)))

5/23/2007 11:30 AMoh....

michaelok
michael 26, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China

hi, nice day to you .
it seems you are popular in this place, since you are really cute, and i can't help to get close to you .
my msn: michael_lecn@163.com
Tks !

5/24/2007 4:44 AMRe: oh....

LauraDeng
移动的城 23, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
thanks your message!
why speak English?是否会广东话啊?^o^

5/21/2007 11:26 AMhi :))

mercanboys
MERCAN5BAGLA 25, Turkey
hello greets from turkey
I volkan
life,near,sympathetic,honest,and respectful,somebody.
different culture , people meet make friends want.
like me , think whole friend wait for.
right now,yourself,good look around see
bye bye :)))
my address mercan5baglari@hotmail.com

5/23/2007 5:30 AMRe: hi :))

LauraDeng
移动的城 23, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
this is Laura.
thanks for your message. how nice to know you!
you are so good.hope we will be goodfriend.

3/17/2007 2:50 PMwish our to best friends!

larry202168
zhiming 23, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
hi,good afternoon!how nice to see you!i`m larry,i`m working in shenzhen.now,i use chating in QQ.my QQ392925862.tks.
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